While it may seem that the majority of Research Ethics Board (REB) reviews and associated processes focus on approvals for human research before it commences, it is equally, if not more important, for the REB and Research Ethics Office (REO) to maintain oversight throughout the project and ensure that all compliance requirements are upheld to the point of data deposit or destruction.

There are various types of requests and reports that need to be submitted to the REB or REO for review, acknowledgement, or approval. These submissions help ensure that research is adhering to the approved research ethics application and that if changes are needed, they are appropriately incorporated into that application.

During data collection, or even afterwards, audits, monitoring, or site visits (internal or external) may be scheduled, which often involve the REB and REO, in addition to the research team. Findings of non-compliance or lapses of REB approval may result in consequences that may require engagement of the REO or personnel responsible for the Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR) policies and procedures.